Vector-based RNA interference against vascular endothelial growth factor-C inhibits tumor lymphangiogenesis and growth of colorectal cancer in vivo in mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>RNA interference (RNAi) technology is emerging as a very potent tool to generate a cellular knockdown of a desired gene. The aim of this study was to explore whether RNAi targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) could inhibit colorectal tumor lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We used vector-based RNAi to inhibit VEGF-C expression in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. VEGF-C expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Westen blotting. To establish LoVo cell tumor xenografts in mice, we subcutaneously inoculated 1.0 x 10(6) LoVo cells in nude mice; after injection, tumors were allowed to grow for 4 weeks until the volume reached (75.8+/-55.8) mm(3). The mice were then randomly divided into two groups: (1) the VEGF-C-siRNA group (n=10) received direct injection of "therapeutic" plasmid 50 microg of LoVo-VEGF-C-siRNA into the tumor mass; (2) the control group (n=10) were injected with LoVo-control in 20 microl of sterile 0.9% NaCl solution into the tumor mass. Tumor growth, microlymphatics and microvessels were compared for mice administered either systemic VEGF-C-siRNA or control over 4 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF-C in the colon tumor cell line, LoVo, stably transfected with a VEGF-C-siRNA vector, were significantly downregulated 45.3% and 35.3% respectively. In vivo, four weeks after injection, the tumor volume were significantly smaller in VEGF-C-siRNA group than in LoVo-control group ((314.8+/-54.8) mm(3) vs (553.9+/-90.1) mm(3)); the incidences of lymph node metastasis (30%) in VEGF-C-siRNA were significantly inhibited compared with LoVo-control group (70%); in VEGF-C-siRNA group, the number of microlymphatics per microscopic field was (5.3+/-0.7) and the number of microvessels per microscopic field was (24.2+/-6.5) decreased compared with LoVo-control group (12.5+/-6.9) and (42.1+/-7.4) (all P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Inhibition of VEGF-C expression using siRNA-mediated gene silencing vectors reduced lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis and enhanced survival.</p>

Breast intraductal lesion resection under breast fiberoptic ductoscopy / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility and to sum up the experience of breast intraductal neoplasm resection under breast fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS).@*METHODS@#FDS was performed on 548 patients with nipple discharge from Sep.2004 to Nov.2006. The clinical data of breast intraductal neoplasm found by FDS in patients who underwent tumor resection were analyzed, and the breast intraductal neoplasm image characteristics, diagnosis, operative type and postoperative pathological results were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of the 548 patients with nipple discharge, intraductal neoplasm was found in 187 cases (34.1%), intraductal papilloma in 159 cases (29.0%), intraductal papillomatosis in 12 cases (2.2%), and breast carcinoma in 16 cases (2.9%). One hundred thirty-five patients were operated on in our hospital, of whom 91 were performed tumor resection or segmentectomy under the localization by FDS, and the other 44 were performed segmentectomy after breast duct infusion of methylene blue. The diagnostic rate under FDS in the FDS group (97.8%) was higher than that in the breast duct infusion methylene group (86.4%) (chi2=6.96, P=0.008).@*CONCLUSION@#FDS is not only an accurate diagnosis for breast intraductal lesion, but also an assistance to localize the breast intraductal neoplasm and to remove them in the operation.

Ex vitro sentinel lymph node mapping in colorectal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of ex vitro sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping with methylene blue staining and its clinical value of predicting regional lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Methylene blue (1 ml) was injected submucosally around the tumor immediately after resection. After 2-5 minutes, the first blue-dyed lymph nodes, sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), were harvested for pathological examination, and compared with the pathological results of other lymph nodes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the total 32 patients, 57 SLNs were successfully identified in 30 patients with an average of 1.9 nodes per person. The successful labeling rate was 93.8% (30/32). Among the 13 patients with positive SLNs, there were 5 patients with positive non-SLNs and 8 patients with negative Non-SLNs. Among the 17 patients with negative SLNs, there were 15 patients with negative non-SLNs and 2 patients with positive Non-SLNs. The accuracy of SLNs for regional lymph node metastasis was 93.3% (28/30), the false negative rate was 11.8% (2/17), and the specificity was 100% (13/13).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ex vitro sentinel lymph node mapping with methylene blue staining in colorectal carcinoma is technically feasible and can effectively reflect the metastatic situation of regional lymph nodes.</p>

Comparative study on long-term results of laparoscopic and open radical resection for colorectal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the long-term results of laparoscopic and open radical resection for colorectal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and fifteen patients with colorectal cancer from January 1996 to September 2000 were non-randomly divided into laparoscopic and open operation groups. Local recurrence, distant metastasis, 5-year survival rate and long-term postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-seven cases received laparoscopic resection and 128 cases received open operation. There were no statistical differences in age, sex and tumor stage between the two groups (P > 0.05). The 5-year-survival rate was 70% in open operation group, and 78% in laparoscopic group (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidences of local recurrence, distant metastasis, incision seeding, and incision hernia between the two groups (P > 0.05). The complication rate of postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction was significantly lower in laparoscopic group than that in open operation group (P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Long-term results of laparoscopic resection are similar to those of open resection for colorectal carcinoma, but laparoscopic surgery has less long-term complications.</p>